Photoelectric Deflectometer

Both measure tilt along a borehole, but the photoelectric type uses optical sensing without an internal mass that moves. This tends to give better long-term zero stability and less drift, especially in environments with vibration. MEMS sensors are smaller and often cheaper per point, but photoelectric ones can be a stronger choice when you need decade-long monitoring and very low long-term error.

Yes. The sensor chain works in any orientation as long as the casing is installed correctly. Horizontal installations are common for measuring settlement profiles under embankments or lateral movement in tunnel crowns. Just let us know the inclination range and project requirements during ordering so the sensors can be pre-configured.

The deflectometer outputs digital signals. Kingmach can supply compatible dataloggers that support Modbus or SDI-12 protocols, or you can integrate with third-party loggers like Campbell Scientific or Campbell CR series, as long as they accept the sensor’s output. Our technical team provides wiring details and communication setup guides.

That depends on the power supply, cable length, and data throughput of the logger. A typical setup handles 10 to 30 nodes without any issue. For longer strings, we recommend splitting into segments with separate data channels. Our engineers can help design the string layout based on your borehole depth and expected displacement zone.

We don’t usually perform on-site calibration because the sensors are factory-calibrated to traceable standards. However, we can guide your field team through a simple validation procedure using a reference tilt table if required. For critical projects, we can arrange a service visit through our local distributor.